At present the cause of death of cancer has become the first male and female residents. 2007 statistics show that urban residents in the year of death, cancer deaths accounted for 28.53%. Data indicate that, although the treatment of cancer has been improved, but nearly 20 years, some of the major 5-year survival rate of cancer has not significantly improved.
Cancer and diet are closely related. Some studies ("Science" magazine in January 1997) showed that 30% of cancer deaths are caused by improper diet.
Dietary animal fat (mainly saturated fat) too much, too little fruit and vegetables, cooking methods unscientific, irrational eating patterns, too much of certain foods such as cancer is the most important factor. Catering primarily to colon cancer, rectal cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, stomach cancer, snuff cancer, esophageal cancer, the occurrence of lung cancer.
Related to dietary factors and cancer has been basically confirmed that there are some: (limited by the research methods, such as animal experiments can not be as experimental cancer employing to do, and some cancer-causing factors on the human carcinogenicity is not final recognition But their role is to carcinogenicity in experimental animals has been confirmed)
1. Pesticide Residues
Common pesticides are organophosphates, organochlorine and carbamate pesticides. Organochlorine pesticides are DDT (DDT) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), its more positive carcinogenic and have been shown to accumulate in the body. Therefore, China and most countries have banned.
However, a survey, in 2000 residents per day of dietary intake of DDT little, but HCH intake 3.11ug, with the hand, an increase compared to 1990, mainly from the pollution of aquatic Lindane .
Since the widely used organophosphorus pesticide residues in food and the environment significantly less than the time of organic chlorine, so the relationship with human tumors less.
2. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
The formation of polycyclic aromatic compounds, mainly related to incomplete combustion of organic matter. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have been found more than 400 compounds, of which about 20 species are carcinogenic in experimental animals, benzo (a) pyrene is the most important and most common. Food benzo (a) pyrene mainly from the barbecue food, food processing and packaging pollution. Grilled food benzo (a) pyrene content of the table below:
3. Harmful metals
Lead, arsenic, cadmium three metallic elements may be carcinogenic to humans. They are mainly from air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, pollution, food processing, food in the most difficult to control a class of environmental pollutants. In general, fish, seafood, aquatic products, high-fat meat, some are factory waste water, waste gas and waste residue contaminated vegetables, and grain.
4. Environmental Estrogens
Environmental estrogens including diethylstilbestrol, PCBs, dioxins and other substances. Diethylstilbestrol is commonly used in animal feed is one of the growth hormone, but also a sex hormone.
PCBs and dioxins are the most common environmental pollutants, mainly concentrated (enrichment) in the fatty tissue of animals. And should eat less fatty meat, such as fat, pork fat lean meat, ribs, steak, high-fat, fat duck, fat goose and so on.
5. Vinyl chloride
Daily life, primarily from vinyl chloride plastic food packaging - PVC. Polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer for containing not - vinyl chloride and certain toxic additives and should not be used for packaging food, countries also have regulations restricting their use, but is still widely used in the vegetable market of the kind of plastic packaging products.
In contrast, polyethylene is safe and nontoxic, can be used for packaging food. At present large number of supermarkets are using this type of plastic packaging products. It features a wax-like surface sheen, there is a smooth hand touch feeling slightly harder, hard rubbing with sound.
6. Nitrate and nitrite
Nitrate and nitrite as a hair color agent, often in the form of a mixed salt added meat products, such as a variety of ham, luncheon meat.
Nitrite in the stomach can be used in food or synthesized N-nitroso compounds, the majority (80%) N-nitroso compounds such as nitrosamines and other carcinogens are relatively clear.
In addition to meat, the pickled vegetables (eg sauerkraut), fresh vegetables is not an important source of nitrite.
In addition, some processed foods such as smoked fish, bacon, soy sauce, beer, fried bacon and so contains more N-nitroso compounds.
Study found that ingestion of vitamin C, E and fresh fruits and vegetables, garlic, onions, tea, kiwi juice, lemon juice, etc. can block carcinogen N-nitroso compounds.
7. Artificial pigment
Most synthetic colors or with coal tar benzene, toluene, naphthalene and other aromatic compounds were synthesized, most harmful, their countries have to be strictly limited.
China currently allows the use of synthetic pigment are Amaranth, lemon yellow, indigo and so on. View of the pigment may have a carcinogenic effect on the human body, should be used sparingly or not.
8. Sulfoxylate
Sulfoxylate chemical called formaldehyde, sodium bisulfate, is for industrial use bleach, do not belong to permit the use of food additives. But there are unscrupulous persons to add it in yuba, noodle and other processed foods.
Sulfoxylate National Cancer Institute has been (IARC) as a possible human carcinogen.
9. Sudan
Is the chemical dye Sudan does not belong to permit the use of food additives. But many merchants use it for red duck, chili sauce, condiments, pickles, spicy instant noodles, red food needs.
Exposure in 2005, "Red duck" incident, has banned the use of Sudan dyes in food. Sudan is also a possible human carcinogen IARC determined.
10. Malachite green
Malachite green is a green with a metallic luster crystal, easily soluble in water, the solution was blue-green, with a very good bactericidal effect. Sterilization abuse of some unscrupulous traders malachite green aquarium, transporting fish compartment or container, so as to prevent scale loss caused by fungal infections. Has given rise to "famous" of drug residues in turbot fish poisoning cases.
11. Aflatoxin
Aflatoxins are Aspergillus flavus and parasitic metabolites, one of the strongest carcinogens, can cause liver cancer, esophageal cancer and so on. Major aflatoxin contamination of peanut, corn, peanut oil, rice and so on. Purchase, storage of grain, peanuts, soybeans and other food to avoid mildew. Choose when to buy peanut oil credible, non-aflatoxin products.
12. Heterocyclic amines
Heterocyclic amines, carcinogenic compounds and has a strong mutagenic effect. They are mainly produced in high-temperature cooking protein-rich fish, meat products.
Barbecue, fried fish or meat contains more heterocyclic amines. In general, the higher the heating temperature, the longer the less water content, produce more heterocyclic amines. Therefore, to eat less, eat the best barbecue, fried fish or meat.
13. Acrylamide
Starchy foods at high temperatures (> 120 ℃) prone to acrylamide under cooking. Animal studies, acrylamide is a probable carcinogen.
According to the Ministry of Health published in 2005, Notice No. 4, French fries, potato chips, instant noodles, fried fritters and other fried foods, and instant coffee, breakfast cereals and other baked goods contain more acrylamide.
Therefore, as far as possible with the steaming, boiling, etc. does not exceed 120 ℃ approach to cooking starchy food, like to eat fried and change the high-fat foods diet.
14. High-salt diet
Epidemiological survey found that high salt intake can increase the risk of gastric cancer. Salt itself is not carcinogenic, but the high salt diet can lead to impaired gastric protective layer, causing chronic inflammation and precancerous lesions, H. pylori infection does not promote. Control of salt intake in the diet can help prevent stomach cancer.
15. High-protein diet
Some population-based surveys and animal experimental studies have shown that excessive intake of animal protein can significantly increase breast cancer, colon cancer, rectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, endometrial cancer, prostate cancer risk.
But only the "red meat" beef, pork, lamb and its products plays a significant role, but fish, chicken, duck and other "white meat" there is no such risk. It should limit red meat intake. Investigation showed that the processed meat increase cancer risk more effective than raw meat.
16. High-fat diet
Generally believed that fat, especially saturated fat from meat is the main dietary risk factors for cancer, and breast cancer, colon cancer and other closely related. Control of fat intake, particularly fat from red meat to control, to play an important role to reduce cancer risk.
17. Drinking
Long-term alcohol consumption may be an important cause of esophageal and gastric cardia.
Generally believed that drinking and closely related to the eight parts of the tumor, the tongue cancer, oral cancer, throat cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer and kidney cancer.
Studies have pointed out that the synergy between alcohol and smoking induced cancer effect.
18. Eating too hot food
Some bad eating habits, such as eat hot (hot) food, eating too fast can damage the esophagus and other mucous membranes, resulting in chronic inflammation, and increase the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer risk.
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